CAY10566

CAY10566 is a research tool compound used to block SCD1 activity. Functionally, it inhibits monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis, making it valuable in studies of metabolism, cancer, and lipid biology.

Biological Functionality

1. SCD1 Role:

   • SCD1 is an enzyme that converts saturated fatty acids (SFAs, e.g., stearoyl-CoA) into monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, e.g., oleoyl-CoA).

   • MUFAs are crucial for membrane fluidity, energy storage, and lipid signaling.

2. CAY10566 Action:

   • Blocks SCD1, reducing MUFA synthesis.

   • Increases the ratio of SFAs to MUFAs inside cells.

   • This shift affects cell growth, lipid metabolism, and energy balance.

Experimental/Research Applications

• Cancer Research:
  SCD1 inhibition by CAY10566 suppresses cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth (many tumors rely on MUFAs for survival).

• Metabolic Disorders:
  Potential use in studying obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes.

• Cardiovascular:
  Lower MUFA synthesis may influence plasma lipid profiles.

• Stem Cell / Differentiation Studies:
  Lipid composition changes affect cell signaling and differentiation pathways.

Potency

• IC₅₀ (enzyme inhibition):

  • ~4.5 nM (mouse SCD1)

  • ~26 nM (human SCD1)

• Highly selective for SCD1 over other desaturases.